Psychology Piaget and Skinner - 1856 Words

Assignment 1 The cognitive perspective is a theory that attempts to explain human behaviour by understanding our thought process. Our information process is compared to that of a computer: Inputting, storing and receiving data. One of the most famous cognitive psychologists was a scientist called Jean Piaget (1896-1980). According to Piaget, understanding comes in the form of ‘schemas’ (Fritscher, 2011). Schemas are cognitive structures that represent certain aspects of the world (pre-conceived ideas for things). Schemas develop through at least two processes: assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation is simply adding new information into an existing schema but keeping the general idea the same. Accommodation is the process in†¦show more content†¦However, younger children tend to try out these variations randomly. Experts have argued â€Å"...the clear-cut ages and stages forming the basis of Piaget s theory are actually quite blurred and blend into each other† (Donaldson, page 57). In Donaldson’s book, ‘Children s Minds’, she suggests that Piaget may have underestimated children s language and thinking abilities by not giving enough consideration to the contexts he provided for children when conducting his research (Castella, 2011). Although Piaget’s theory gives us a brief understanding of how children’s learning develops, not all children are taught the same way nor do they learn at the same pace. Each of the four stages have been criticised by experts. For instance on evaluation of the sensorimotor stage; Bower (1982) found that children display object permanence at a much younger age than Piaget suggested. We can agree or disagree with Piaget’s theory but one thing is certain, we will always imagine the stages whilst observing our children g row â€Å"... it is certainly true that, whether we agree with the theory or not, Piaget has changed the way we think about children’s thinking† (Sternberg, page 761). The behavioural perspective is an assumption that our identity is shaped by our surroundings. The people we know, the schools we attend and even how much money we have in our bank accounts can make us who we are. There are two theories involved:Show MoreRelatedIs Conceptual Critiques Relevant for Psychology?1472 Words   |  6 Pagestheory as another type of example on Conceptual Critiques (Skinner, 1963). His theory states that the best way to understand a behavior is to look at the association made between the behavior and the consequence of that behavior. Although Skinner’s primary interest was in human behavior, most of his research was done on animals using laboratory apparatus well known as the Skinner box. Hence, in his experiment, Skinner placed rats in the Skinner box and observed its’ behaviors. Initially, these ratsRead MoreSkinner Vs Cognitivism1126 Words   |  5 PagesIntro B.F. Skinner and Jean Piaget were two influential theorists that have made a huge contribution to the field of education. Skinner’s theory is referred to as the behaviorist theory, and Piaget’s is cognitive theory. Both theories of learning are based on the development from two completely different perspectives while making an impact on educators around the world. Behaviorism is based off the belief that behavior is shaped through positive and negative reinforcement. Cognitivism is basedRead MoreTheories Of Learning With Interactive Multimedia Resources980 Words   |  4 PagesBehaviourism (Skinner) and Genetic Epistemology (Piaget) in light of the thought that these two are still the two prevailing theories in terms of learning with interactive multimedia resources (Jonassen, 1991; Atkins, 1993; Hannafin, Hannafin, Hooper, Rieber, and Kini, 1996), as I like to utilise these in the teaching of Religious Studies. As indicated by Deubel (2003), advancements in preparat ion of such content seem to have taken after movements in the predominant standards of psychology. Early computerisedRead MoreSummary of B.F. Skinner and Piaget1045 Words   |  5 Pageshuman development was B.F. Skinner (Diessner, 2008, p. 134). Skinner was notable for his description of the acquisition of new behavior through the use of reinenforcement and punishment called operant conditioning (Diessner, 2008). Skinner also contributed his behaviorist explanation of language development through his concept of verbal behavior (Diessner, 2008). To Skinner verbal behavior is basically a behavior which is â€Å"reinenforced through the mediation of others† (Skinner, 1957, p. 2) and ultimatelyRead MorePerspectives On Psychology And Evaluate Their Key Assumptions1547 Words   |  7 PagesPerspectives in Psychology This essay will give detailed descriptions of the behaviourist and cognitive perspectives in psychology and evaluate their key assumptions. The strengths and limitations of each perspective will be discussed along with an evaluation of their applications to contemporary issues in psychology. Finally there will be an analysis of the similarities and differences between each perspective and a conclusion. The behaviourist perspective is a scientific approach within psychology whichRead MoreCognitive and Behavioral Theories721 Words   |  3 PagesIn Psychology there are many different theories; especially about development. And, just like every theory there are pros and cons. Each theory was created by different people with their own perspective and their own biases. It would be ignorant to say that one theory had all the answers. There were two theories I read about that caught my attention, Cognitive and Behavioral. I have heard about the growing popularity of Cognitive Behaviorists and I am curious about how they are similar and differentRead MoreChild Development Through Parental Training803 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironments. As a result of this influential conceptualization of development, these environments — from the family to economic and political structures — have come to be viewed as part of the life course from childhood through adulthood. Piaget Jean Piaget was a Swiss scholar who began his studies in intellectual development in the 1920s. Piaget’s first interests were those that dealt with the ways in which animals adapt to their environments and his first scientific article about this subjectRead MoreI Know What ItS Like To Be Afraid Of Your Own Mind.1610 Words   |  7 PagesThere is the Cognitive theory, the behavior theory and the psychodynamic theory. One of Jean Piaget many famous quote states â€Å"When you teach a child something you take away forever his chance of discovering it for himself†. Jean Piaget was a Swiss biologist, philosopher and psychologist. He was born in Neuchatel, Switzerland august 9th, 1896 and died on September 16th, 1980 in Geneva, Switzerland. Jean Piaget was influence by lev Vygotsky a psychologist and Lawrence Kohlberg also a psychologist justRead MoreLearning Theories : A Comparison Of Behavioral And Cognitive Views1163 Words   |  5 PagesFeist, Roberts, 2013). Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, E.L. Thorndike, and B.F. Skinner were the early pioneers of behavioral learning (Feist et al., 2013; Ormrod, 2012). In 1913 John Watson published â€Å"Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it,† listing and expounding on areas of special concern within the field of psychology. Watson contended that psychology should be strictly scientific and objective, the goal of psychology is to predict behavior and develop the ability to control behavior, the irrelevanceRead MoreBehavioral Learning Child Development Observation1597 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Introduction Theories of child development can be tied to particular philosophical groundings of the major schools of psychology. This paper will provide the basis for the application of behavioral learning theory to an observation of three children in a natural context. A discussion of the rationale for choosing behavioral learning theory over cognitive, contextual, psychodynamic, or social-cognitive learning precedes the explication of behavioral learning theory. As summary of notes and conclusions